An interview with atheist Sam Harris points out that all religion is sanctified intolerance.
What do you mean when you say that intolerance is intrinsic to every creed? And what are the implications of that?This bit was good, too:
The core claim of every creed is that it, alone, is true. The truth is, if youre a Christian, Jesus really was the son of God, and was really resurrected, and hes really coming back to judge the living and the dead. This is a fact. It is metaphysically true, it is physically true, it is historically true; if youre standing on the right spot at the right time, youre going to see Jesus come back with a host of angels.
This description of the world is either right or wrong. If its right, only the Christians are right, and only the Christians are going to heaven. So this doctrine, by definition, excludes the truth-claims of every other religion . Muslims claim that Jesus, while he was a prophet, was not divine, and that anyone who thinks he is divine is going to go to hell. This is explicitly spelled out in the Koran. These are mutually incompatible claims about the way the world works. Theyre worse than that. Theyre incompatible claims that are extremely motivating, because their adherents think that the difference between believing the right thing and the wrong thing is the difference between spending eternity in hell, or eternity in paradise. And thats a very big difference.
How do you define the differences between an atheist and an agnostic?
Agnosticism is a word that was brought into use by T.H. Huxley. I dont think its a particularly useful word. It tends to be defined as the belief that one know whether or not there is a god. An agnostic is someone who thinks we dont know and cant know the truth of a position. So its a non-committal attitude.
But its not an intellectually honest position, because everyone is walking around presuming to know that there isnt a Zeus, there isnt a Poseidon, and there isnt a Thor. Can you prove that Thor with his hammer isnt sending down lightning bolts? No, you cant prove it. But thats not the right question. The right question is, Is there any reason whatsoever to think theres a god named Thor? And of course there isnt. There are many good reasons to think that he was a fictional character. The Batman of Scandinavia.
The problem for religious people is that the god of the Bible is on no firmer footing, epistemologically, than these dead gods. Which is to say that nobody ever discovered that Thor doesnt exist, but that the biblical god really does. So we have learned to talk and use the word god in a way so as not to notice that were using a very strange word and evoking a very vacuous concept, like the concept of Thor.
http://www.truthdig.com/interview/item/20060403_sam_harris_interview/
(Thanks, Erik!)
Fortunately, I live in a place where 90% of the people do not believe in "God", having a long Buddhist tradition, and Buddhism being unconcerned with ideas of gods. Shinto sometimes recognizes gods, but these are really more like spirits, and may be in a stone, a waterfall, a deceased great person, and so on.
Religion is like a spiritual pollution we inherited from our ancestors. It must have been very useful at one time, but they didn't consider what would happen in the future, when these aggressive universal religions collided. It's a lot like plastic or nuclear power in the 20th century. They seemed miraculous and wonderful for solving problems but people didn't consider what effect they would have on people a thousand years down the road.
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